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5 Parts of English Verbs

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English verbs have 5 principal parts with which other forms are derived using verb auxiliaries: base/stem, simple past/present, past participle, present participle and the infinitive (the “name” of the verb). Some also include the third person singular in the present tense as a principle part, as it is the only verb form that kept its inflectional ending in Modern English.


Grammatical term     Symbol     Regular Verb    Irregular Verb
Infinitive    to + V1     to watch     to see
Base Form /
Stem     V1     watch     see
Present Simple third person singular    V1+s    watches     sees
Past Simple /
Preterit    V2     watched     saw
Past Participle    V3     watched     seen
Present Participle    Ving     watching     seeing

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